Burt A. Leete [U.S.], Contract Formation under the United Nations Convention for the International Sale of Goods and the Uniform Commercial Code: Pitfalls for the Unwary, 6 Temple International and Comparative Law Journal (1992) 193- 215

• John E. Murray, Jr. [U.S.], An Essay on the Formation of Contracts and Related Matters under the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods, 8 Journal of Law and Commerce (1988) 11-51

For a superb Formation text [ - in Spanish], see:

Pilar Perales Viscasillas [Spain], La formación del contrato de compraventa internacional de mercaderias [Doctoral thesis of the author: review of CISG Articles 14 to 24 (Formation of the contract); also, in the first chapter a review of the general provisions of the CISG, particularly Articles 6 to 13], Valencia: Tirant lo blanch (1996) 791 p.

Regional perspectives on Formation include:

Tim N. Logan [U.S.], The Peoples' Republic of China and the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods: Formation Questions, 5 China Law Review (1988) 53-73

Clement Ng'ong'ola, The Vienna Sales Convention of 1980 in the Southern Africa Legal Environment: Formation of a Contract of Sale, 4 African Journal of International and Comparative Law (1992) 835-854